LR - Venn Diagram - Previous Year CAT/MBA Questions
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Answer the following questions based on the information given below.
The chart below provides complete information about the number of countries visited by Dheeraj, Samantha and Nitesh, in Asia, Europe and the rest of the world (ROW).
The following additional facts are known about the countries visited by them.
1. 32 countries were visited by at least one of them.
2. USA (in ROW) is the only country that was visited by all three of them.
3. China (in Asia) is the only country that was visited by both Dheeraj and Nitesh, but not by Samantha.
4. France (in Europe) is the only country outside Asia, which was visited by both Dheeraj and Samantha, but not by Nitesh.
5. Half of the countries visited by both Samantha and Nitesh are in Europe.
There are 15 girls and some boys among the graduating students in a class. They are planning a get-together, which can be either a 1-day event, or a 2-day event, or a 3-day event. There are 6 singers in the class, 4 of them are boys. There are 10 dancers in the class, 4 of them are girls. No dancer in the class is a singer.
Some students are not interested in attending the get-together. Those students who are interested in attending a 3-day event are also interested in attending a 2-day event; those who are interested in attending a 2-day event are also interested in attending a 1-day event.
The following facts are also known:
1. All the girls and 80% of the boys are interested in attending a 1-day event. 60% of the boys are interested in attending a 2-day event.
2. Some of the girls are interested in attending a 1-day event, but not a 2-day event; some of the other girls are interested in attending both.
3. 70% of the boys who are interested in attending a 2-day event are neither singers nor dancers. 60% of the girls who are interested in attending a 2-day event are neither singers nor dancers.
4. No girl is interested in attending a 3-day event. All male singers and 2 of the dancers are interested in attending a 3-day event.
5. The number of singers interested in attending a 2-day event is one more than the number of dancers interested in attending a 2-day event.
There are boys and girls in the class. Each of the boy or girl is either a dance or singer or none of these but not both.
There are 6 singers in the class, 4 of them are boys.
⇒ There are 4 male singers and 2 female singers
There are 10 dancers in the class, 4 of them are girls. No dancer in the class is a singer
⇒ There are 6 male dances and 4 female dancers
From (4): No girl is interested in attending a 3-day event. All male singers and 2 of the dancers are interested in attending a 3-day event.
Since all 4 male singers are interested in a 3-day event, they all must also be interested in a 2-day and a 1-day event.
Since 2 male dancers are interested in a 3-day event, male dancers interested in a 2-day event must be greater than or equal to 2.
From (1): All the girls and 80% of the boys are interested in attending a 1-day event. 60% of the boys are interested in attending a 2-day event.
From (3): 70% of the boys who are interested in attending a 2-day event are neither singers nor dancers. Hence, 30% of those who are interested in a 2-day event are dancers or singers.
Now, (2 + b) = 30% of 60% of (10 + x)
⇒ 2 + b + 4 = × × (10 + x)
⇒ 6 + b = × (10 + x)
Here b has to be an integer, hence (10 + x) should be completely divisible by 50.
∴ x should be 40 or 90 or 140 and so on.
But since b cannot be greater than 4, x should be 40 and b = 3.
From (5): The number of singers interested in attending a 2-day event is one more than the number of dancers interested in attending a 2-day event.
This is only possible when 2 female singers while no female dance is interested in a 2-day event.
From (3): 60% of the girls who are interested in attending a 2-day event are neither singers nor dancers.
⇒ 0 + 2 = × (0 + 2 + females interested in a 2-day event who are neither singer nor dancer)
females interested in a 2-day event who are neither singer nor dancer = 3
Which of the following can be determined from the given information?
I. The number of boys who are interested in attending a 1-day event and are neither dancers nor singers.
II. The number of female dancers who are interested in attending a 1-day event.
Consider the solution to first question of this set.
Number of male dancers who are interested in attending a 1-day event has to be more than or equal to number of male dancers who are interested in attending a 2-day event i.e., 5 or 6.
Answer the next 5 questions based on the information given below:
A speciality supermarket sells 320 products. Each of these products was either a cosmetic product or a nutrition product. Each of these products was also either a foreign product or a domestic product. Each of these products had at least one of the two approvals – FDA or EU.
The following facts are also known:
1. There were equal numbers of domestic and foreign products.
2. Half of the domestic products were FDA approved cosmetic products.
3. None of the foreign products had both the approvals, while 60 domestic products had both the approvals.
4. There were 140 nutrition products, half of them were foreign products.
5. There were 200 FDA approved products. 70 of them were foreign products and 120 of them were cosmetic products.
There were equal numbers of domestic and foreign products.
∴ There will be 160 foreign as well as domestic products.
Half of the domestic products were FDA approved cosmetic products.
∴ 80 products are domestic, FDA approved and cosmetic products.
None of the foreign products had both the approvals while 60 domestic products had both the approvals.
There were 140 nutrition products, half of them were foreign products.
∴ Number of cosmetic products = 320 – 140 = 180
There were 200 FDA approved products, 70 of them were foreign products
FDA approved products = FDA foreign + FDA domestic
⇒ 200 = 70 + (60 + only FDA domestic products)
⇒ only FDA domestic products = 70
and 120 of them were cosmetic products.
FDA approved cometic products = FDA approved foreign cosmetic + FDA approved domestic cosmetic
⇒ 120 = (0 + only FDA approved cosmetic foreign products) + 80
⇒ only FDA approved cosmetic foreign products = 40
Since there are total 70 foreign FDA approved products out of which 40 are only FDA approved cosmetic foreign products, hence approved nutrition foreign products = 70 – 40 = 30.
⇒ only EU approved nutrition foreign products = 70 – 30 = 40
Total foreign products = 160
⇒ only EU approved cosmetic foreign products = 160 – 40 – 30 – 40 = 50
Total Cosmetic products is 180 = cosmetic foreign + cosmetic domestic
⇒ 180 = (50 + 0 + 40) + (only EU approved domestic cosmetic products + 80)
⇒ only EU approved domestic cosmetic products = 10
Total domestic products = 160 = (10 + only EU nutrition domestic products) + 60 + 70
⇒ only EU nutrition domestic products = 20
With the given information we can tabulate this much.
∴ Number of foreign FDA approved cosmetic products = 0 + 40 = 40
Consider the solution to first question of this set.
We have:
If 70 cosmetic products did not have EU approval, then number of nutrition products with both approvals = only FDA approved cosmetic (foreign + domestic) products
⇒ 70 = 40 + only FDA approved cosmetic domestic products
⇒ only FDA approved cosmetic domestic products = 30
We can fill the remaining table as follows.
Number of nutrition products with both approvals = 0 + 10 = 10
Answer the next 4 questions based on the information given below.
1000 patients currently suffering from a disease were selected to study the effectiveness of treatment of four types of medicines — A, B, C and D. These patients were first randomly assigned into two groups of equal size, called treatment group and control group. The patients in the control group were not treated with any of these medicines; instead they were given a dummy medicine, called placebo, containing only sugar and starch. The following information is known about the patients in the treatment group.
A total of 250 patients were treated with type A medicine and a total of 210 patients were treated with type C medicine.
25 patients were treated with type A medicine only. 20 patients were treated with type C medicine only. 10 patients were treated with type D medicine only.
35 patients were treated with type A and type D medicines only. 20 patients were treated with type A and type B medicines only. 30 patients were treated with type A and type C medicines only. 20 patients were treated with type C and type D medicines only.
100 patients were treated with exactly three types of medicines.
40 patients were treated with medicines of types A, B and C, but not with medicines of type D. 20 patients were treated with medicines of types A, C and D, but not with medicines of type B.
50 patients were given all the four types of medicines. 75 patients were treated with exactly one type of medicine.
We can draw the following Venn diagram according to the information given in the question.
75 patients were treated with exactly one type of medicine.
∴ 25 + a + 20 + 10 = 75
⇒ a = 20
250 patients were treated with type A medicine
∴ 25 + 30 + 20 + 35 + 20 + 40 + 50 + e = 250.
⇒ e = 30
100 patients were treated with exactly three types of medicines.
∴ 20 + 40 + c + e = 100
⇒ c = 10
210 patients were treated with type C medicine
∴ 30 + 40 + b + 20 + 20 + 50 + c + 20 = 210
⇒ b = 20
Since patients were equally in treatment group and control group hence, there were total 500 patients who were in the treatment group and 500 in control group (who were not given any medicine).
Total patient in treatment group = 500 = 25 + 30 + 20 + 35 + 20 + 40 + 50 + e + a + b + c + d + 20 + 20 + 10.
⇒ d = 150
Answer the next 4 questions based on the information given below.
Ten musicians (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I and J) are experts in at least one of the following three percussion instruments: tabla, mridangam, and ghatam. Among them, three are experts in tabla but not in mridangam or ghatam, another three are experts in mridangam but not in tabla or ghatam, and one is an expert in ghatam but not in tabla or mridangam. Further, two are experts in tabla and mridangam but not in ghatam, and one is an expert in tabla and ghatam but not in mridangam.
The following facts are known about these ten musicians.
Both A and B are experts in mridangam, but only one of them is also an expert in tabla.
D is an expert in both tabla and ghatam.
Both F and G are experts in tabla, but only one of them is also an expert in mridangam.
Neither I nor J is an expert in tabla.
Neither H nor I is an expert in mridangam, but only one of them is an expert in ghatam.
We can draw the following Venn diagram based on the information given in the main paragraph.
D is an expert in both tabla and ghatam.
Since I is neither an expert in tabla nor in mridangam hence, he is an expert in ghatam
∴ D and I are the only two experts in ghatam.
Now, J is not an expert in tabla hence, he can only be an expert in mridangam only.
Also, H is not an expert in mridangam hence, he can only be an expert in tabla only.
Both A and B are experts in mridangam, but only one of them is also an expert in tabla.
Both F and G are experts in tabla, but only one of them is also an expert in mridangam.
There are two experts in tabla and mridangam only one of them is either A or B and the other is either F or G.
Answer the next 4 questions based on the information given.
A survey of 600 schools in India was conducted to gather information about their online teaching learning processes (OTLP). The following four facilities were studied.
F1: Own software for OTLP
F2: Trained teachers for OTLP
F3: Training materials for OTLP
F4: All students having Laptops
The following observations were summarized from the survey.
80 schools did not have any of the four facilities – F1, F2, F3, F4.
40 schools had all four facilities.
The number of schools with only F1, only F2, only F3, and only F4 was 25, 30, 26 and 20 respectively.
The number of schools with exactly three of the facilities was the same irrespective of which three were considered.
313 schools had F2.
26 schools had only F2 and F3 (but neither F1 nor F4).
Among the schools having F4, 24 had only F3, and 45 had only F2.
162 schools had both F1 and F2.
The number of schools having F1 was the same as the number of schools having F4.
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