CRE 1 - Basics | LR - Logical Connectives
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Answer the next 5 questinos based on the information given below:
In each question, there is a main statement followed by four statements (a), (b), (c) and (d). From the choices, choose the ordered pair where the first statement implies the second statement and the two are logically consistent with the main statement.
Sushma would be selected for space station, if she passes her medical exam.
(a) Sushma is selected for space station.
(b) Sushma is not selected for space station.
(c) Sushma has passed her medical exam.
(d) Sushma has not passed medical exam.
- (a)
ac
- (b)
bd
- (c)
db
- (d)
ad
Answer: Option B
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Explanation :
Here,
p = Sushma has passed her medical exam.
q = Sushma gets selected for space station.
Statement: If p ⇒ q.
Conclusions:
1. p ⇒ q
Sushma has passed her medical exam ⇒ Sushma gets selected for space station.
2. ~q ⇒ ~p
Sushma does not get selected for space station ⇒ Sushma has not passed medical exam.
It can be ca or bd.
Hence, option (b).
Workspace:
Only if Sourabh is an expert in coding, he would be able to develop the website.
(a) Sourabh is not expert in coding.
(b) Sourabh developed the website.
(c) Sourabh did not develop the website.
(d) Sourabh is an expert in coding.
- (a)
ca
- (b)
db
- (c)
bd
- (d)
ba
Answer: Option C
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Explanation :
Here,
p = Sourabh is an expert in coding.
q = Sourabh develops the website.
Statement: Only if p, then q.
Conclusions:
1. q ⇒ p
2. ~p ⇒ ~q
It can be bd or ac.
Hence, option (c).
Workspace:
Unless the you study, you will fail.
(a) You studied.
(b) You passed.
(c) You did not study.
(d) You failed.
- (a)
cd
- (b)
ab
- (c)
cb
- (d)
ad
Answer: Option A
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Explanation :
Here,
p = You study.
q = You failed.
Statement: Unless p, q
Conclusions:
1. ~p ⇒ q
2. ~q ⇒ p
It can be cd or ba.
Hence, option (a).
Workspace:
Whenever it rains, peacock dances.
(a) It did not rain.
(b) Peacock danced.
(c) Peacock did not dance.
(d) It rained.
- (a)
ba
- (b)
bd
- (c)
cd
- (d)
ca
Answer: Option D
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Explanation :
Here,
p = It rains.
q = Peacock dances.
Statement: Whenver p, q
Conclusions:
1. p ⇒ q
2. ~q ⇒ ~p
It can be db or ca.
Hence, option (d).
Workspace:
If BJP wins, section 370 will be revoked.
(a) BJP wins.
(b) BJP lost.
(c) Sectio 370 is revoked.
(d) Sectio 370 is not revoked.
- (a)
cb
- (b)
ad
- (c)
ca
- (d)
db
Answer: Option D
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Explanation :
Here,
p = BJP wins.
q = Section 370 is revoked.
Statement: Whenver p, q
Conclusions:
1. p ⇒ q
2. ~q ⇒ ~p
It can be ac or bd.
Hence, option (d).
Workspace:
Answer the next 5 questinos based on the information given below:
Each of the questions consists of a main statement followed by four numbered statements. From the numbered statements, select the one that logically follows the main statement.
I will eat a lot, if I do not have stomach ache.
- (a)
I have eaten a lot implies I do not have stomach ache.
- (b)
I have stomach ache implies I will not eat a lot.
- (c)
I will not eat a lot means I have stomach ache.
- (d)
I will eat a lot means I have stomach ache.
Answer: Option C
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Explanation :
Here,
p = I do not have stomach ache.
q = I will eat a lot.
Statement: If p then q.
Conclusions:
1. p ⇒ q
2. ~q ⇒ ~p
Hence conclusion 2 implies option (c).
Hence, option (c).
Workspace:
Unless Nisha completes her task, she will not get the leave.
- (a)
Nisha completed her task hence she will get leave.
- (b)
Nisha completed her task hence she will not get leave.
- (c)
Nisha got the leave implies she has completed her task.
- (d)
Nisha will not get leave as she hasn’t completed her task.
Answer: Option C
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Explanation :
Here,
p = Nisha complete her task
q = she will not get the leave
Statement: Unless p, q
Conclusions:
1. ~p ⇒ q
2. ~q ⇒ p
Hence conclusion 2 implies option (c).
Hence, option (c).
Workspace:
Bikash drives, only if there is no traffic.
- (a)
Bikash drove means there is no traffic.
- (b)
There is traffic implies Bikash is not driving.
- (c)
There is no traffic implies Bikash does not drive.
- (d)
Both (a) and (b)
Answer: Option D
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Explanation :
Here,
p = There is no traffic.
q = Bikash drives.
Statement: Only if p, q
Conclusions:
1. q ⇒ p
2. ~p ⇒ ~q
Hence conclusion 1 implies option (a) and conclusion 2 implies option (b).
Hence, option (d).
Workspace:
Whenever my husband is out of town, I go to my sister’s place.
- (a)
My husband is out of town means I will go to my sister’s place.
- (b)
I am going to my sister’s place implies my husband is out of town.
- (c)
I am not going to my sister’s place implies my husband is not out of town.
- (d)
Both (a) and (c)
Answer: Option D
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Explanation :
Here,
p = Husband is out of town.
q = I go to my sister’s place.
Statement: Whever p, q
Conclusions:
1. p ⇒ q
2. ~q ⇒ ~p
Hence conclusion 1 implies option (a) and conclusion 2 implies option (c).
Hence, option (d).
Workspace:
Pankhuri marries, only if Vishal gives commitment.
- (a)
Pankhuri did not marry means that Vishal is not committed.
- (b)
Vishal gave commitment, hence Pankhuri will marry.
- (c)
Pankhuri did not marry which means that Vishal did not give commitment.
- (d)
Pankhuri married means that Vishal had given commitment.
Answer: Option D
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Explanation :
Here,
p = Vishal gives commitment.
q = Pankhuri marries.
Statement: Only if p, q.
Conclusions:
1. q ⇒ p
2. ~p ⇒ ~q
Hence conclusion 1 implies option (d).
Hence, option (d).
Workspace:
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