Modern Math - Sets - Previous Year IPM/BBA Questions
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Let P(X) denote power set of a set X. If A is the null set, then the number of elements in P(P(P(P(A)))) is _________.
Answer: 16
Text Explanation :
P(A) is the power set of A.
Number of elements in power set of A = 2n where n is the number of elements in A.
Since A is a null set, number of elements in P(A) = 20 = 1.
Power set of P(A) i.e., P(P(A)) will have 21 = 2 elements.
Power set of P(P(A)) i.e., P(P(P(A))) will have 22 = 4 elements.
Power set of P(P(P(A))) i.e., P(P(P(P(A)))) will have 24 = 16 elements.
Hence, 16.
Workspace:
Let A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {a, b}. Assuming all relations from set A to set B are equally likely, what is the probability that a relation from A to B is also a function?
- (a)
1/8
- (b)
1/2
- (c)
1
- (d)
32/26
Answer: Option A
Text Explanation :
For two sets A and B with m and n elements respectively.
Total relations = 2m × n
Total functions from A to B = nm
Here, A = {1, 2, 3} i.e., 3 elements and B = {a, b} i.e., 2 elements.
∴ Total relations = 23 × 2 = 64
Total functions from A to B = 23 = 8
⇒ Required probability = 8/68 = 1/8.
Hence, option (a).
Workspace:
Let A and B be two sets such that the Cartesian product A × B consists of four elements. If two elements of A × B are (1,4) and (4,1), then
- (a)
None of these
- (b)
A × B ≠ B × A
- (c)
∅ ∈ A × B
- (d)
A × B = B × A
Answer: Option D
Text Explanation :
2 elements of A × B are (1,4) and (4,1).
∴ 1 and 4 are elements of A and 4 and 1 are elements of B.
⇒ Both A and B have at least 2 elements.
Now, A × B has 4 elements and both A and B have at least 2 elements. This is possbile when both A and B have exactly 2 elements each.
⇒ A = {1, 4} and B = {4, 1}
⇒ A × B = {(1, 4), (1, 1), (4, 4), (4, 1)}
Also, B × A = {(4, 1), (4, 4), (1, 1), (1, 4)}
We can see that A × B = B × A.
Hence, option (d).
Workspace:
Let the set = {2,3,4,..., 25}. For each k ∈ P, define Q(k) = {x ∈ P such that x > k and k divides x}. Then the number of elements in the set P − Q(k) is
Answer: 9
Text Explanation :
Workspace: