Algebra - Progressions - Previous Year IPM/BBA Questions
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Let a1,a2,a3 be three distinct real numbers in geometric progression. If the equation a1x2 + 2a2x + a3 = 0 and b1x2 + 2b2x + b3 = 0 have a common root, then which of the following is necessarily true?
- (a)
are in geometric progression
- (b)
are in arithmetic progression
- (c)
b1, b2, b3 are in geometric progression
- (d)
b1, b2, b3 are in arithmetic progression
Answer: Option B
Text Explanation :
Workspace:
A rabbit is sitting at the base of a staircase which has 10 steps. It proceeds to the top of the staircase by climbing either one step at a time or two steps at a time. The number of ways it can reach the top is
- (a)
34
- (b)
89
- (c)
144
- (d)
55
Answer: Option B
Text Explanation :
Workspace:
A new sequence is obtained from the sequence of positive integers (1,2,3,…) by deleting all the perfect squares. Then the 2022nd term of the new sequence is ________.
Answer: 2067
Text Explanation :
2022nd number in the sequence (including perfect squares) is 2022.
Now let us calculate number of perfect squares till 2022.
12, 22, 32, 42, 52, ..., 442 i.e., 44 numbers.
∴ 2022nd number will be 2022 + 44 = 2066.
Here we need to check if there is any perfect square between 2022 and 2066.
2025 i.e., 452 is a perfect square between 2022 and 2066.
⇒ 2022nd number in the given sequence after removing perfect squares will be 2067.
Hence, 2067.
Workspace:
The 3rd ,14th and 69th terms of an arithmetic progression form three distinct and consecutive terms of a geometric progression. If the next term of the geometric progression is the nth term of the arithmetic progression, then n equals ________.
Answer: 344
Text Explanation :
Let the 3rd term of AP = T3 = a [Here, a is not the first term of the AP]
14th term of AP = T14 = ar and
69th term of AP = T69 = ar2
Now, T14 - T3 = 11d [d is the common difference of the AP]
Also, T69 - T14 = 55d
⇒ 5(T14 - T3) = T69 - T14
⇒ 5(ar - a) = ar2 - ar
⇒ r2 - 6r + 5 = 0
⇒ (r - 1)(r - 5) = 0
⇒ r = 1 or 5
[r = 1 is rejected as the given terms are distinct.]
∴ T3 = a
T14 = 5a
T69 = 25a
⇒ d = (5a - a)/11 = 4a/11
Now, next term of geometric progression will be 125a = T3 + (n - 3)d
⇒ 125a = a + (n - 3) × 4a/11
⇒ 341 = n - 3
⇒ n = 344.
∴ The next term of the geometric progression is the 344th term of the GP.
Hence, 344.
Workspace:
The numbers −16, 2x+3 − 22x−1 − 16, 22x−1 + 16 are in an arithmetic progression. Then x equals ________.
Answer: 3
Text Explanation :
−16, 2x+3 − 22x−1 − 16, 22x−1 + 16 are in AP
If a, b and c are in AP ⇒ 2b = a + c
∴ 2 × (2x+3 − 22x−1 − 16) = -16 + 22x−1 + 16
⇒ 2x+4 − 22x − 32) = 22x−1
⇒ 16 × 2x − 22x − 32 = 22x/2
⇒ 32 × 2x − 2 × 22x − 64 = 22x
Take 2x = a and 22x = a2
⇒ 32a − 2a2 − 64 = a2
⇒ 3a2 - 32a + 64 = 0
⇒ 3a2 - 8a - 24a + 64 = 0
⇒ (3a - 8)(a - 8) = 0
⇒ a = 8/3 or 8
⇒ 2x = 8/3 or 8
[8/3 is rejected as 2x cannot be a fraction]
⇒ 2x = 8 = 23
⇒ x = 3
Hence, 3.
Workspace:
The sum of the first 15 terms in an arithmetic progression is 200 , while the sum of the next 15 terms is 350 . Then the common difference is
- (a)
7/9
- (b)
2/3
- (c)
4/9
- (d)
1/3
Answer: Option B
Text Explanation :
The sum of the first 15 terms in an arithmetic progression is 200 , while the sum of the next 15 terms is 350 . Then the common difference is
Sum of n terms of an AP = n/2 × [2a + (n - 1)d]
Sum of first 15 terms = 200
∴ 200 = 15/2 × (2a + 14d)
⇒ 2a + 14d = 80/3 ...(1)
Sum of first 30 terms = 200 + 350 = 550
∴ 550 = 30/2 × (2a + 29d)
⇒ 2a + 29d = 110/3 ...(2)
(2) - (1), we get
15d = 30/3
⇒ d = 10/15 = 2/3
Hence, option (b).
Workspace:
The sum up to 10 terms of the series 1 × 3 + 5 × 7 + 9 × 11 + . . is
Answer: 5310
Text Explanation :
1 × 3 + 5 × 7 + 9 × 11 +
T1 = 1 × 3
T2 = 5 × 7 and so on
In each of these terms, the first number forms an AP whose first term is 1 and common difference is 4.
∴ first number of nth term = 1 + (n - 1) × 4 = 4n - 3
In each of these terms, the second number forms an AP whose first term is 3 and common difference is 4.
∴ second number of nth term = 3 + (n - 1) × 4 = 4n - 1
⇒ Tn = (4n - 3) × (4n - 1)
⇒ Tn = 16n2 - 16n + 3
∴ = 16(12 + 22 + 32 + ... + 102) + 16(1 + 2 + 3 + 3 + ... + 10) + (3 + 3 + 3 + ... + 3)
= - + 30
= 6160 - 880 + 30 = 5310
Hence, 5310.
Workspace:
It is given that the sequence {xn} satisfies x1 = 0, xn+1 = xn + 1 + for n = 1,2, . . . . . Then x31 is
Answer: 960
Text Explanation :
x1 = 0 = 12 - 1
x2 = x1 + 1 + = 0 + 1 + = 3 = 22 - 1
x3 = x2 + 1 + = 3 + 1 + = 8 = 32 - 1
∴ xn = n2 - 1
⇒ x31 = 312 - 1 = 960
Hence, 960.
Workspace:
Let Sn be sum of the first n terms of an A.P. {an}. If S5 = S9 , what is the ratio of a3 : a5
- (a)
9 : 5
- (b)
5 : 9
- (c)
3 : 5
- (d)
5 : 3
Answer: Option A
Text Explanation :
In an AP S of odd number of terms = n × (Middle term)
Given, S5 = S9
⇒ 5 × a3 = 9 × a9
⇒ a3 : a9 = 9 : 5
Hence, option (a).
Workspace:
If + + + ... upto ∞ = , then the value of + + + ... upto ∞ is
- (a)
- (b)
- (c)
- (d)
Answer: Option A
Text Explanation :
If + + + ... upto ∞ = , then the value of
Let X = + + + ... upto ∞
Adding and subtracting + + + ... upto ∞, we have
X = + + + ... upto ∞ - ( + + + ... upto ∞)
⇒ X = - ( + + + ... upto ∞)
⇒ X = - ()
⇒ X = - ()
⇒ X =
Hence, option (a).
Workspace:
If x, y, z are positive real numbers such that x12 = y16 = z24,and the three quantities 3logyx, 4logzy, nlogxz are in arithmetic progression, then the value of n is
Answer: 16
Text Explanation :
Workspace:
Assume that all positive integers are written down consecutively from left to right as in 1234567891011...... The 6389th digit in this sequence is
Answer: 4
Text Explanation :
Workspace:
If (1 + x - 2x2)6 = A0 + , then value of A2 + A4 + A6 + ... + A12 is
- (a)
31
- (b)
32
- (c)
30
- (d)
29
Answer: Option A
Text Explanation :
Workspace:
The number of terms common to both the arithmetic progressions 2,5,8,11,...., 179 and 3,5,7,9,....., 101 is
- (a)
17
- (b)
16
- (c)
19
- (d)
15
Answer: Option A
Text Explanation :
Workspace: