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Explanation:

Present ages of P and Q are in the ratio 5 : 6.
⇒ Let present age of P be 5x and that of Q be 6x.

Their ages after six years will be 5x + 6 and 6x + 6 respectively.
Now, ratio of these ages is 6 : 7.

⇒ $\frac{5\mathrm{x}+6}{6\mathrm{x}+6}$ = $\frac{6}{7}$

⇒ 7 × (5x + 6) = 6 × (6x + 6)
⇒ 35x + 42 = 36x + 36
⇒ x = 6

∴ Q;s present age = 6x = 36 years.

⇒ Q's age 10 years ago = 36 - 10 = 26 years.

Hence, option (a).