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Question:

The sentences given in each question, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Each sentences is labelled with a letter. Choose the most logical order of sentences from among the four given choices to construct a coherent paragraph.

This fact was established in the 1730s by French survey expeditions to Equator near the Equator and Lapland in the Arctic, which found that around the middle of the earth the arc was about a kilometer shorter.
One of the unsettled scientific questions in the late 18th century was the exact nature of the shape of the earth.
The length of one-degree arc would be less near the equatorial latitudes than at the poles.
One way of doing that is to determine the length of the arc along a chosen longitude or meridian at one degree latitude separation
While it was generally known that the earth was not a sphere but an 'oblate spheroid' more curved at the equator and flatter at the poles, the question of 'how much more' was yet to be established.

Explanation:

An easier way to approach this question would be to attack the options after a brief scan of the sentences. Sentence B begins the passage; it states the ‘unsettled question’. Sentence E attempts to answer that question. Therefore, BE is a pair. D continues from there (one way of doing that (determining how much is the earth oblate spheroid)) and C gives reasoning for the same. A summarizes it. Sentence A begins with ‘this fact was established…’ and the ‘this’ points to the fact mentioned in sentence C. Therefore, the sequence is BEDCA.
Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

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