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Question:

Which of these may occur as a result of a cause not mentioned?

Explanation:

Consider option 1:

E occurs only if C occurs,

∴ E cannot occur because of a cause not mentioned.

Consider option 2:

E occurs only if C occurs and F occurs only if B occurs,

∴ E and F both cannot occur as a result of a cause not mentioned.

Consider option 4:

J occurs only if E or F occurs,

∴ J also cannot occur as a result of a cause not mentioned.

Consider option 3:

It is given that A causes B or C but not both,

∴ Either B or C can occur by a cause not mentioned. 

Hence, option (c).