Discussion

Explanation:

​​​​​​​The first table gives the difference between the average sales of various products over seven years.
e.g. A – B = 214.29 crores
Hence, total difference between A and B over the seven year period is:
A – B = 214.29 × 7 = 1500 crores
Similarly,
C – A = 900 cr, A – D = 1000 cr, A – E = 300 cr, C – B = 2400 cr, D – B = 500 cr, E – B
= 1200 cr, C – D = 1900 cr, C – E = 1200 cr,
E – D = 700 cr
Let the sales of A in 2013 be a(‘000s), C in 2010 be c(‘000s) and D in 2012 be d(‘000s).
The total sales, by volume, of each product are:
A = (6800 + a) × 10³
B = 5800 × 10³
C = (7400 + c) × 10³
D = (5700 + d) × 10³
E = 7000 × 10³
Hence, difference between number of units sold of B and E = 1200 × 10³
Assuming that each product is sold at the same cost in each year,
Cost per product = (1200 cr)/(1200 thousand) = (1200 × 10⁷)/ (1200 × 10³)
= 10000
∴ Total sales of B over the given period = 5800 × 10³ × 10000 = 5800 × 10⁷ = 5800 crores
Similarly, total sales of E over the given period = 7000 × 10³ × 10000 = 7000 × 10⁷ = 7000 crores
Using these values in the equations above, A = 7300 crores, C = 8200 crores, D
= 6300 crores
Also, total sales of A = (6800 + a) × 10³ × 10000 = (6800 + a) × 10⁷
= (6800 + a) crores
Comparing this value with 7300 crores (found as total sales of A earlier),
a = 7300 – 6800 = 500 crores
Similarly, c = 800 crores and d
= 600 crores
Hence, option (c).

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