Discussion

Explanation:

Option (a) is wrong as it is clearly mentioned in the first paragraph - "the actions we take on the basis of presumed knowledge ... will be irrational and unjustifiable"

Option (b): According to the passage, the sceptic questions our ability to know ‘reality’ defined as things-as-they- are-in-themselves, independent of our perceptions, ideas or descriptions because ‘it floats above the processes of our conceiving it‘. Option (a) states that the sceptic would advocate knowing reality independently which is not correct.

Option (c) is correct.

Option (d) goes against the last paragraph of the passage - "We hold our beliefs and presumptive knowledges more or less confidently, usually depending on how we acquired them.."

Hence, option (c).

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