Question: The passage given below is followed by four alternate summaries. Choose the option that best captures the essence of the passage.
A distinguishing feature of language is our ability to refer to absent things, known as displaced reference. A speaker can bring distant referents to mind in the absence of any obvious stimuli. Thoughts, not limited to the here and now, can pop into our heads for unfathomable reasons. This ability to think about distant things necessarily precedes the ability to talk about them. Thought precedes meaningful referential communication. A prerequisite for the emergence of human-like meaningful symbols is that the mental categories they relate to can be invoked even in the absence of immediate stimuli.
This is a medium difficulty level question, Option 1 mentions ‘all speech acts...’ this portrays certainty hence cannot be the answer. In a similar way, Option 2 mentions ‘only humans…’ hence even this needs to be eliminated. Option 4, is incomplete and hence cannot be the answer.